Moral is the measure tool for our attitude based on the goodness of the religion, society values, and also human rights. The religion doctrines become the main standard because those sources never teach human to do anything worse. The society values then, are the consensus of the member of society. They have decided which is good and which is bad. And human rights are the absolute rights given by God. So, how will human destroy what God already guaranteed? What moral focus in is the right attitude in the right place and time. The attitude that against human right like murdered or disturbing private zone of person like insult, can be called as immoral.
To me, people can described as being moral when they behave in the right way to themselves and to the others. They do not against the vivid boundaries made by the religion and the society. They do not bothers other and take away their rights by their do. For example, they can respect others in daily life. People can be described as immoral when they do not care anymore about the boundaries between right and wrong. They against the religion doctrine or society values, or perhaps both of them. The real example is the Israeli government who take away Palestinian right for praying in Masjid Al-Aqso. Not only that, they also hit anybody even children who is not obey their order.
Kamis, 14 April 2011
The Language(s) that member of family use
The language that person use depends on the situation they face. It is affected by some aspect of their daily life such as their education grade and their environment. In one family, we can find the changes of language used by the members in certain situation. For this case, I observed my elder sister family in Sukabumi.
The family consists of four people. My brother in law as the father, age 35. He is a driver of a public transportation in the town. His last education is in Islamic senior high school. He often attends the routine religion study in the mosque in our village. My elder sister as the mother, age 32. Firstly, she is only the housewife, but when I did my observation, she had work as a labor in a factory of shoes in my town for one month. She is graduation from Islamic Junior high school. She is a treasurer of the PKK in my village. Their first son is a first year student of Islamic Elementary school, age 6. He also studies in Religion school and learns to read Qur’an in the mosque near their house.
Their second daughter is age two. She spent most of her time with her grandmother both from father and from mother when the mother goes for work. It is usually from 6.30 am till 3 pm from Monday to Friday, because on Saturday and Monday, she doesn’t work.
This family uses the mixed language of Sunda and Indonesia. This is because their home is located in sundanese village, but they are close enough to Indonesia language. The father once works in Jakarta, so does the mother. The son gets the Indonesia language from school and TV. The daughter is taught by that two languages also.
In sunda language there are grades of language. The first grade is the rude word, then common or average word, and the last is the polite word. For example is the word go. The rude word is ngajangkor, the common word is indit, and the polite word is angkat. There is also a difference of its usage for our selves and for other person. For word eat, if we say I eat, in sunda it said abdi neda. When we say he eats, it becomes anjeunna tuang.
In Indonesia language there is no things like that. So, the usage of Indonesia language is equal between all the members of society, include the members of the family. They use this kind of mixed language for teaching their children to not forgetting sunda language also speak Indonesia well in order to have good communication ability among the larger society in their future.
First, I observed the father. The language that usually used by the driver of public transportation in my town is the rude language. They used to use the mock like “anjrit” (in Indonesia it means dog), because most of them are uneducated. They even do not graduate from elementary school. They also usually speak in high tone voice because of their scream in calling the passenger to use their car. In addition, the emotion of the public transportation driver is so not stabile. It usually happens when they get no passenger, they will speak meaningless till they get the passenger. Because of his education background, the father uses the more polite language than his friends use. He usually speak to the passenger just like speaks to his neighbor. If other driver usually mocks the people if they do not get any passenger, my brother in law usually say “Astaghfirullah” (it means Forgive me, God).
Then, the mother usually speaks using common language with her friends both in her work place and in her organization. Because their education background is same. Most of them finished their education in junior high school too. She speaks the rude word rarely, since she realizes that she is the teacher for their student at home.
The speaking style of the son is the most complicated. He speaks Indonesia language because of school teaching. He speaks in common grade of sunda language because of his parents teaching. He speaks in the rude grade of sunda language because of his playmates. They even make the strange pattern of language used in their own group. They add the syllable ga/gi/gu/go/ge for each syllable of the common language, the vocal alphabet of that additional syllable depends on the vocal of the true word. For example, when they say let’s play marbles. In sunda language it is said hayu urang maen kaleci. Then it becomes hagayugu uguragang magaegen kagalegecigi. It is not known who makes the pattern like that, but the children have the same understanding of that pattern. They said that they do that for fun and sometime, for cheating the adults. As children they have secret as the adults have. They use this pattern when they are playing or when they are talking about something secret between themselves. Adult who heard their conversation usually doesn’t care about it and just let it be continued.
The daughter is still age two. She doesn’t have so much vocabulary to speak. She usually tells what she wants with the limited word and some body language. The parents teach her some words in Indonesia language and common grade of sunda language. When she wants to drink a bottle of milk while lying on the carpet, she says “cucu ibu” and she rolls on the carpet.
When they all gathered in one good situation, they usually speak Indonesia language mixed with common grade of sunda language. For example, when they are going to eat, after the mother prepares everything on the carpet, she calls her husband “Ayah, hayu makan” (Dad, come on eat). Then she scream to the son “A, hayoh makan heula” (elder brother, eat first). “Aa” is the call for elder man in sunda tradition. She called her son with “Aa” to teach her daughter to call her elder brother with that call too. If the mother or father calls the son when no the daughter there, they will say the son name directly. It is for showing the son that they are his parents who have to be respected. Parents have right to call children name, but children have no right to call parents name directly. And the last, she speak to her daughter “Enon maem dulu ya”. Enon is the call for the daughter.
In the certain situation, the father uses the high tone of speaking and sunda language when he speaks to the mother or the children. For example when he is arguing with his wife about their money circulation, he said “ibu mah can bisa ngatur mana nu kudu dipihelakeun mana nu kudu dipanerikeun” (you can’t differentiate yet what has to be prioritized what can be focus on later) with the high tone just like speaks in the beach. The mother usually answers it by saying nothing. Because if she answers her husband at that time, the tone of her husband voice will increase and the debate wouldn’t reach the solution point.
When the son is naughty by not obeying his father or mother order, they usually call his name with high tone and the glare at the son, and also use sunda language. It is because tell people about their mistake or giving them advises, is more touchy by using the mother tongue than other language. The sense is different. They never speak so many useless words. That kind of behavior is enough to tell the son that they are disagree with his attitude or that they angry to the son. As the reaction, the son said nothing. He didn’t say anything in any language as the protest to the parents. He just listen the advice from his parents and then goes to his room and punches his pillow. He did it because actually he angry to his parents for their prohibition, but he doesn’t dare to reply what his parents said because he is taught to always respect parents in his Religion School. Then he expresses his annoy by punching the pillow. But when the son feels really angry to the parents, he once call the name of his parents directly.
This family use this mixed language when there are guests to their home. It is not limited only in their daily activities or their daily conversation. In the public places like park, they still use this mixed language when they talk each other. When the parents meet their friend, they talk to them in sunda language, but when that friends talk to the children, they use Indonesia language. It is because of the teaching of Indonesia language in the public place.
The family consists of four people. My brother in law as the father, age 35. He is a driver of a public transportation in the town. His last education is in Islamic senior high school. He often attends the routine religion study in the mosque in our village. My elder sister as the mother, age 32. Firstly, she is only the housewife, but when I did my observation, she had work as a labor in a factory of shoes in my town for one month. She is graduation from Islamic Junior high school. She is a treasurer of the PKK in my village. Their first son is a first year student of Islamic Elementary school, age 6. He also studies in Religion school and learns to read Qur’an in the mosque near their house.
Their second daughter is age two. She spent most of her time with her grandmother both from father and from mother when the mother goes for work. It is usually from 6.30 am till 3 pm from Monday to Friday, because on Saturday and Monday, she doesn’t work.
This family uses the mixed language of Sunda and Indonesia. This is because their home is located in sundanese village, but they are close enough to Indonesia language. The father once works in Jakarta, so does the mother. The son gets the Indonesia language from school and TV. The daughter is taught by that two languages also.
In sunda language there are grades of language. The first grade is the rude word, then common or average word, and the last is the polite word. For example is the word go. The rude word is ngajangkor, the common word is indit, and the polite word is angkat. There is also a difference of its usage for our selves and for other person. For word eat, if we say I eat, in sunda it said abdi neda. When we say he eats, it becomes anjeunna tuang.
In Indonesia language there is no things like that. So, the usage of Indonesia language is equal between all the members of society, include the members of the family. They use this kind of mixed language for teaching their children to not forgetting sunda language also speak Indonesia well in order to have good communication ability among the larger society in their future.
First, I observed the father. The language that usually used by the driver of public transportation in my town is the rude language. They used to use the mock like “anjrit” (in Indonesia it means dog), because most of them are uneducated. They even do not graduate from elementary school. They also usually speak in high tone voice because of their scream in calling the passenger to use their car. In addition, the emotion of the public transportation driver is so not stabile. It usually happens when they get no passenger, they will speak meaningless till they get the passenger. Because of his education background, the father uses the more polite language than his friends use. He usually speak to the passenger just like speaks to his neighbor. If other driver usually mocks the people if they do not get any passenger, my brother in law usually say “Astaghfirullah” (it means Forgive me, God).
Then, the mother usually speaks using common language with her friends both in her work place and in her organization. Because their education background is same. Most of them finished their education in junior high school too. She speaks the rude word rarely, since she realizes that she is the teacher for their student at home.
The speaking style of the son is the most complicated. He speaks Indonesia language because of school teaching. He speaks in common grade of sunda language because of his parents teaching. He speaks in the rude grade of sunda language because of his playmates. They even make the strange pattern of language used in their own group. They add the syllable ga/gi/gu/go/ge for each syllable of the common language, the vocal alphabet of that additional syllable depends on the vocal of the true word. For example, when they say let’s play marbles. In sunda language it is said hayu urang maen kaleci. Then it becomes hagayugu uguragang magaegen kagalegecigi. It is not known who makes the pattern like that, but the children have the same understanding of that pattern. They said that they do that for fun and sometime, for cheating the adults. As children they have secret as the adults have. They use this pattern when they are playing or when they are talking about something secret between themselves. Adult who heard their conversation usually doesn’t care about it and just let it be continued.
The daughter is still age two. She doesn’t have so much vocabulary to speak. She usually tells what she wants with the limited word and some body language. The parents teach her some words in Indonesia language and common grade of sunda language. When she wants to drink a bottle of milk while lying on the carpet, she says “cucu ibu” and she rolls on the carpet.
When they all gathered in one good situation, they usually speak Indonesia language mixed with common grade of sunda language. For example, when they are going to eat, after the mother prepares everything on the carpet, she calls her husband “Ayah, hayu makan” (Dad, come on eat). Then she scream to the son “A, hayoh makan heula” (elder brother, eat first). “Aa” is the call for elder man in sunda tradition. She called her son with “Aa” to teach her daughter to call her elder brother with that call too. If the mother or father calls the son when no the daughter there, they will say the son name directly. It is for showing the son that they are his parents who have to be respected. Parents have right to call children name, but children have no right to call parents name directly. And the last, she speak to her daughter “Enon maem dulu ya”. Enon is the call for the daughter.
In the certain situation, the father uses the high tone of speaking and sunda language when he speaks to the mother or the children. For example when he is arguing with his wife about their money circulation, he said “ibu mah can bisa ngatur mana nu kudu dipihelakeun mana nu kudu dipanerikeun” (you can’t differentiate yet what has to be prioritized what can be focus on later) with the high tone just like speaks in the beach. The mother usually answers it by saying nothing. Because if she answers her husband at that time, the tone of her husband voice will increase and the debate wouldn’t reach the solution point.
When the son is naughty by not obeying his father or mother order, they usually call his name with high tone and the glare at the son, and also use sunda language. It is because tell people about their mistake or giving them advises, is more touchy by using the mother tongue than other language. The sense is different. They never speak so many useless words. That kind of behavior is enough to tell the son that they are disagree with his attitude or that they angry to the son. As the reaction, the son said nothing. He didn’t say anything in any language as the protest to the parents. He just listen the advice from his parents and then goes to his room and punches his pillow. He did it because actually he angry to his parents for their prohibition, but he doesn’t dare to reply what his parents said because he is taught to always respect parents in his Religion School. Then he expresses his annoy by punching the pillow. But when the son feels really angry to the parents, he once call the name of his parents directly.
This family use this mixed language when there are guests to their home. It is not limited only in their daily activities or their daily conversation. In the public places like park, they still use this mixed language when they talk each other. When the parents meet their friend, they talk to them in sunda language, but when that friends talk to the children, they use Indonesia language. It is because of the teaching of Indonesia language in the public place.
HARIMAU: SEBUAH SIMBOL KEKUATAN PRABU SILIWANGI
Simbol adalah sesuatu yang mewakili sesuatu yang lainnya, khususnya objek material yang mewakili objek abstrak. Sedangkan mitos adalah cerita tradisional, khususnya cerita tentang awal mula seorang tokoh atau fenomena alam, dan biasanya melibatkan sifat-sifat supranatural atau kejadian-kejadian tertentu.
Berbicara tentang simbol dan mitos, kedua hal ini tidak dapat dilepaskaitkan. Karena satu simbol bisa saja bermula dari mitos tertentu yang telah tercipta sebelumnya. Apalagi ketika kita berbicara tentang kedua hal ini tidak hanya pada tataran seni, tetapi sudah masuk kepada tataran kebudayaan. Kebudayaan primitif telah mengajarkan kepada kita betapa pentingnya kedudukan sebuah simbol dalam kehidupan manusia –pada zaman itu-. Ketika komunikasi oral belum terlalu dikenal sehingga percakapan yang terjadi –sebenarnya- tidak efektif, mereka mewakilkan percakapan ataupun hal-hal yang rumit itu kepada sebuah simbol. Bisa jadi pula, simbol-simbol yang ada itu memperkuat mitos yang ternyata baru tercipta di kemudian hari.
Setiap masyarakat di negara manapun pasti memiliki mitos dan simbol tertentu. Simbol dan mitos yang ada pada satu masyarakat bisa saja bertentangan atau diinterpretasikan berbeda di masyarakat lainnya. Disinilah latar belakang kehidupan budaya sangat berpengaruh. Karena itulah orang tidak bisa sembarangan begitu saja dalam menerjemahkan sebuah simbol. Satu simbol bisa diartikan dengan sangat berbeda di dua daerah yang memiliki latar belakang berbeda.
Hal lain yang mempengaruhi keberadaan satu simbol di satu masyarakat -selain latar belakang budaya- adalah pengalaman sejarah dan doktrin agama. Karena hal itulah kita tidak akan menemukan simbol berupa salah satu bagian tubuh manusia di tanah Aceh sebagaimana simbol itu berdiri megah di negara-negara Eropa.
Di tanah Sunda, ada satu simbol yang cukup berpengaruh dalam aspek militernya. Kodam Siliwangi memiliki logo berupa gambar kepala harimau yang memiliki latar belakang warna hitam dan tulisan siliwangi di bawahnya. Simbol ini bermula dari mitos yang sangat melegenda di tengah masyarakat Sunda, yaitu legenda Prabu Siliwangi. Yang pada tahap selanjutnya, gambar harimau ini juga pernah digunakan sebagai logo klub sepak bola besar asal Bandung, Persib.
Bagaimana sejarahnya simbol harimau ini menjadi bagian yang penting bagi masyarakan Jawa Barat?
Zaman dahulu, pernah berdiri satu kerajaan hindu yang cukup besar di tanah Sunda, yaitu Kerajaan Pajajaran. Kerajaan ini dipimpin oleh raja yang bergelar Prabu Siliwangi. Prabu Siliwangi dipercaya sebagai seorang yang memiliki kekuatan yang sangat hebat. Sehingga orang-orang menjadikan harimau sebagai penggambaran dari Prabu Siliwangi.
Ada legenda yang menyatakan bahwa Kerajaan Pajajaran dilindungi oleh sekumpulan harimau, penjagaan yang begitu hebat inilah yang membuat Kerajaan Pajajaran menjadi satu kerajaan yang besar pada masanya. Diyakini masyarakat Sunda bahwa hancurnya kerajaan pajajaran itu semata karena tulisan takdir.
Ada juga mitos yang hanya dipercaya sebagian kecil masyarakat Sunda bahwa harimau menjadi simbol dari raja Pajajaran karena dahulu kala ketika Prabu Siliwangi terdesak oleh musuhnya, Sang Prabu pergi ke sebuah gunung dan disana dia menjelma menjadi harimau yang mampu mengalahkan musuhnya. Tapi kemudian setelah itu keberadaan Sang Prabu tidak diketahui kejelasannya. Ada yang mengatakan Sang Prabu telah berubah menjadi rakyat biasa karena sudah melihat tanda-tanda kehancuran kerajaannya. Ada juga yang percaya bahwa Sang Prabu telah menjadi begitu suci sehingga dia diangkat menjadi Sang Hyang, yang artinya “yang teragung”. Itulah kenapa tanah Sunda mendapat julukan parahyangan. Ini berasal dari kata para dan hyang, yang jika diartikan secara utuh artinya tanah tempat para mereka yang agung.
Kepercayaan sebagian besar masyarakat Sunda yang meyakini bahwa Prabu Siliwangi begitu kuat dan pasukan keamanan kerajaan merupakan sekumpulan harimau-lah yang membuat lambang kepala harimau sekarang dipakai sebagai lambang dari kesatuan militer di jawa barat, Kodam Siliwangi. Apalagi di kodim 0607 Sukabumi, lambang kepala harimau begitu tegas dengan latar belakang yang diberikan berupa warna hijau dan merah.
Begitu pula dengan klub sepak bola Persib Bandung. Julukan yang begitu melekat pada klub ini adalah Maung Bandung. Stadion yang menjadi markas mereka pun bernama Stadion Siliwangi. Hal ini juga tidak bisa dilepaskan dari kepercayaan masyarakat Bandung tentang betapa kuatnya kekuatan Prabu Siliwangi dan sekelompok harimau yang menjadi pasukan keamanan kerajaan pajajaran itu. Mereka mengharapkan besarnya kekuatan Prabu Siliwangi juga mengalir di darah pemainnya dan selalu membawa Persib menjadi juara.
Begitulah, betapa sebuah simbol yang sederhana ternyata mewakili hal yang begitu rumit. Kekuatan sebuah mitos yang dipadukan dengan besarnya sebuah harapan, melahirkan satu aspek budaya yang bernilai tinggi, simbol.
Berbicara tentang simbol dan mitos, kedua hal ini tidak dapat dilepaskaitkan. Karena satu simbol bisa saja bermula dari mitos tertentu yang telah tercipta sebelumnya. Apalagi ketika kita berbicara tentang kedua hal ini tidak hanya pada tataran seni, tetapi sudah masuk kepada tataran kebudayaan. Kebudayaan primitif telah mengajarkan kepada kita betapa pentingnya kedudukan sebuah simbol dalam kehidupan manusia –pada zaman itu-. Ketika komunikasi oral belum terlalu dikenal sehingga percakapan yang terjadi –sebenarnya- tidak efektif, mereka mewakilkan percakapan ataupun hal-hal yang rumit itu kepada sebuah simbol. Bisa jadi pula, simbol-simbol yang ada itu memperkuat mitos yang ternyata baru tercipta di kemudian hari.
Setiap masyarakat di negara manapun pasti memiliki mitos dan simbol tertentu. Simbol dan mitos yang ada pada satu masyarakat bisa saja bertentangan atau diinterpretasikan berbeda di masyarakat lainnya. Disinilah latar belakang kehidupan budaya sangat berpengaruh. Karena itulah orang tidak bisa sembarangan begitu saja dalam menerjemahkan sebuah simbol. Satu simbol bisa diartikan dengan sangat berbeda di dua daerah yang memiliki latar belakang berbeda.
Hal lain yang mempengaruhi keberadaan satu simbol di satu masyarakat -selain latar belakang budaya- adalah pengalaman sejarah dan doktrin agama. Karena hal itulah kita tidak akan menemukan simbol berupa salah satu bagian tubuh manusia di tanah Aceh sebagaimana simbol itu berdiri megah di negara-negara Eropa.
Di tanah Sunda, ada satu simbol yang cukup berpengaruh dalam aspek militernya. Kodam Siliwangi memiliki logo berupa gambar kepala harimau yang memiliki latar belakang warna hitam dan tulisan siliwangi di bawahnya. Simbol ini bermula dari mitos yang sangat melegenda di tengah masyarakat Sunda, yaitu legenda Prabu Siliwangi. Yang pada tahap selanjutnya, gambar harimau ini juga pernah digunakan sebagai logo klub sepak bola besar asal Bandung, Persib.
Bagaimana sejarahnya simbol harimau ini menjadi bagian yang penting bagi masyarakan Jawa Barat?
Zaman dahulu, pernah berdiri satu kerajaan hindu yang cukup besar di tanah Sunda, yaitu Kerajaan Pajajaran. Kerajaan ini dipimpin oleh raja yang bergelar Prabu Siliwangi. Prabu Siliwangi dipercaya sebagai seorang yang memiliki kekuatan yang sangat hebat. Sehingga orang-orang menjadikan harimau sebagai penggambaran dari Prabu Siliwangi.
Ada legenda yang menyatakan bahwa Kerajaan Pajajaran dilindungi oleh sekumpulan harimau, penjagaan yang begitu hebat inilah yang membuat Kerajaan Pajajaran menjadi satu kerajaan yang besar pada masanya. Diyakini masyarakat Sunda bahwa hancurnya kerajaan pajajaran itu semata karena tulisan takdir.
Ada juga mitos yang hanya dipercaya sebagian kecil masyarakat Sunda bahwa harimau menjadi simbol dari raja Pajajaran karena dahulu kala ketika Prabu Siliwangi terdesak oleh musuhnya, Sang Prabu pergi ke sebuah gunung dan disana dia menjelma menjadi harimau yang mampu mengalahkan musuhnya. Tapi kemudian setelah itu keberadaan Sang Prabu tidak diketahui kejelasannya. Ada yang mengatakan Sang Prabu telah berubah menjadi rakyat biasa karena sudah melihat tanda-tanda kehancuran kerajaannya. Ada juga yang percaya bahwa Sang Prabu telah menjadi begitu suci sehingga dia diangkat menjadi Sang Hyang, yang artinya “yang teragung”. Itulah kenapa tanah Sunda mendapat julukan parahyangan. Ini berasal dari kata para dan hyang, yang jika diartikan secara utuh artinya tanah tempat para mereka yang agung.
Kepercayaan sebagian besar masyarakat Sunda yang meyakini bahwa Prabu Siliwangi begitu kuat dan pasukan keamanan kerajaan merupakan sekumpulan harimau-lah yang membuat lambang kepala harimau sekarang dipakai sebagai lambang dari kesatuan militer di jawa barat, Kodam Siliwangi. Apalagi di kodim 0607 Sukabumi, lambang kepala harimau begitu tegas dengan latar belakang yang diberikan berupa warna hijau dan merah.
Begitu pula dengan klub sepak bola Persib Bandung. Julukan yang begitu melekat pada klub ini adalah Maung Bandung. Stadion yang menjadi markas mereka pun bernama Stadion Siliwangi. Hal ini juga tidak bisa dilepaskan dari kepercayaan masyarakat Bandung tentang betapa kuatnya kekuatan Prabu Siliwangi dan sekelompok harimau yang menjadi pasukan keamanan kerajaan pajajaran itu. Mereka mengharapkan besarnya kekuatan Prabu Siliwangi juga mengalir di darah pemainnya dan selalu membawa Persib menjadi juara.
Begitulah, betapa sebuah simbol yang sederhana ternyata mewakili hal yang begitu rumit. Kekuatan sebuah mitos yang dipadukan dengan besarnya sebuah harapan, melahirkan satu aspek budaya yang bernilai tinggi, simbol.
THE CONSENTRATION OF THE TRANSLATOR
Translation in puppet show is one unique way in developing the show of puppet it self. Some people said that one of the problems in enjoying the puppet show is the lack of understanding of its origin language. With this translation, that problem has been over came. There are two kind of translation, carefully prepared translation and spontaneous one. In the first way of translation, we could avoid the mistakes by well preparation. In the second one, spontaneous translation, we have some things to be anticipated like the translation for the joke and proverb. The translator said that those things are the difficult thing to be translated. From the show on October 19th, I saw how spontaneous translation needs not only the great ability but also the great struggle.
The translator only could prepared the tools she need like the good viewer and good computer for typing. The sound system also has to be prepared well, because the translator has to listen what puppet man said carefully. She did not know what kind of story the puppet man would perform, so the translator has to master all aspects of the puppet very well, such as the behavior and the certain character of the puppet. It requires the great attempts to do that kind of work.
The practical aspect has to pay attention of is the translator concentration. She does the translation mainly rely on only her listening. She could not concern even a little bit of the movement of the puppets. She also has to think in really short time from what the puppet man say to be typed. It can’t be avoided in spontaneous translation that the translator will mistype some words. For example when Kumbakarna said brother, the translator type it brothehrs.
Another thing that could influence the translator concentration is the situation of the show. The show that held outdoor really possibly makes the translator feel stifling because there are a lot of people there whereas there is no AC at that time. The translator also has no assistant who will help. For example, in the middle of translating the translator feel thirsty, she has to consider hardly when the exact time she could drink. Because if she careless even just for a second, she will late the story and of course it will be the great problem for her translation.
Thus why I said for this kind of work the person need the great struggle for do the work as well. It is because for the spontaneous translation, the practical aspects affect the translator concentration really easily.
The translator only could prepared the tools she need like the good viewer and good computer for typing. The sound system also has to be prepared well, because the translator has to listen what puppet man said carefully. She did not know what kind of story the puppet man would perform, so the translator has to master all aspects of the puppet very well, such as the behavior and the certain character of the puppet. It requires the great attempts to do that kind of work.
The practical aspect has to pay attention of is the translator concentration. She does the translation mainly rely on only her listening. She could not concern even a little bit of the movement of the puppets. She also has to think in really short time from what the puppet man say to be typed. It can’t be avoided in spontaneous translation that the translator will mistype some words. For example when Kumbakarna said brother, the translator type it brothehrs.
Another thing that could influence the translator concentration is the situation of the show. The show that held outdoor really possibly makes the translator feel stifling because there are a lot of people there whereas there is no AC at that time. The translator also has no assistant who will help. For example, in the middle of translating the translator feel thirsty, she has to consider hardly when the exact time she could drink. Because if she careless even just for a second, she will late the story and of course it will be the great problem for her translation.
Thus why I said for this kind of work the person need the great struggle for do the work as well. It is because for the spontaneous translation, the practical aspects affect the translator concentration really easily.
Broadway and Glee
As we know, Broadway was so popular on its era. People were so attracted to every performance it brought such as Witched, Phantom of the Opera, Les Miserable, The beauty and the Beast, etc. Every performance had its own issue to tell to the public. We can see in the documentary how people were willing to wait to get the ticket of the performance. In theater world, Broadway had built its own history. We can’t avoid that this earlier successful of Broadway somehow impact the development of modern version of this kind of performance: Glee.
The popularity and the quality of Broadway actresses and performances somehow challenge the young generation to follow that path of success, even to give their best in performing. Broadway is seems to be the senior of Glee generation. We can see that from some Broadway artists that take part in some of Glee shows.
Why has Glee become such a popular show today? The answer is perhaps not so far from the answer of Broadway case. As we know these two shows not only deliver a story to its spectators as we usually enjoy in play, but they also include other forms of performance that is music and dance. I myself, as a youth, like something that is mixed. It is more attracted to enjoy a various things in the same time than a monotone one. It is more lively than the ordinary performance.
Glee captures the reality of youth’s life, the dynamics of dreams, hopes, competitions, and love stories. Probably it is because the story that is so close to their life so people continue to respond to this show. In one of the episodes of Glee, I see the story talks about sex among youth. As I saw in the documentary of Broadway, there was also a time where this subject was banned somehow from the public topic. Again, I found the same way of some people to talk about this topic in different way that is through performance. There are also some scenes of the show that talks about gender issues and feminism. So actually Glee is not a performance of entertainment only but also a way to deliver many issues. Beside that, Glee like remind how Disco was so popular in 93’s and they give new touch by mixing it with rap. It’s pretty cool, for me.
People do not mind to follow the development of this show and other forms of performance such as movies because these shows somehow fulfill their need of entertainment and thought. By watching these shows, they not only get the relaxation of the string of music and the beauty of dance moves, but also they can see what actually happen in the society through the please delivery.
In addition, some people especially youth make the characters of the show the role model of their identity. After watching the show, some youth are inspired by the character for what they did in the story. Then they want to imitate that in their reality.
The popularity and the quality of Broadway actresses and performances somehow challenge the young generation to follow that path of success, even to give their best in performing. Broadway is seems to be the senior of Glee generation. We can see that from some Broadway artists that take part in some of Glee shows.
Why has Glee become such a popular show today? The answer is perhaps not so far from the answer of Broadway case. As we know these two shows not only deliver a story to its spectators as we usually enjoy in play, but they also include other forms of performance that is music and dance. I myself, as a youth, like something that is mixed. It is more attracted to enjoy a various things in the same time than a monotone one. It is more lively than the ordinary performance.
Glee captures the reality of youth’s life, the dynamics of dreams, hopes, competitions, and love stories. Probably it is because the story that is so close to their life so people continue to respond to this show. In one of the episodes of Glee, I see the story talks about sex among youth. As I saw in the documentary of Broadway, there was also a time where this subject was banned somehow from the public topic. Again, I found the same way of some people to talk about this topic in different way that is through performance. There are also some scenes of the show that talks about gender issues and feminism. So actually Glee is not a performance of entertainment only but also a way to deliver many issues. Beside that, Glee like remind how Disco was so popular in 93’s and they give new touch by mixing it with rap. It’s pretty cool, for me.
People do not mind to follow the development of this show and other forms of performance such as movies because these shows somehow fulfill their need of entertainment and thought. By watching these shows, they not only get the relaxation of the string of music and the beauty of dance moves, but also they can see what actually happen in the society through the please delivery.
In addition, some people especially youth make the characters of the show the role model of their identity. After watching the show, some youth are inspired by the character for what they did in the story. Then they want to imitate that in their reality.
Being religious in Hinduism
For being religious is an obligation for everyone who has the faith to its religion. It can be showed by how people behave and interact with others. It also could be seen in their traditions which are connects them to the God. As Hinduism is a religion that very respect local culture, the practical of the tradition or pray is quite different from one place to another.
I’ve done an interview with Arak Agung Sagung Dwivandari Oka, the student of Faculty of Laws who is coming from Denpasar, Bali. She said that in Hinduism, the follower is asked to be honest to the god, Ida Sang Hyang Widi Wase and mainly to their selves. Because the main doctrine of Hinduism is that the followers could realize their own obligation, whether it is to god or human and nature. In praying for example, the followers suggested to pray (go to Pura) three times a day. They are when the sun rises, the sun in the middle of day, and the sun sets. No body will watch over them. It depends on the follower consciousness to do that pray as it suggested or not.
One of Hindu tradition that shows the relation of the followers and God is they will go to the beach one day before Nyepi to wash their selves by the sea water. The sea water is the media from Ida Sang Hyang Widi Wase to clean their body and their soul from the sin.
Another tradition of Hinduism is Masangih. It is the ceremony of shaping the teeth for teenager who will enter its adult. Commonly, people do this in the age of 15. One day before the ceremony, that person doesn’t allowed to go anywhere. Teeth that be shaped is the fang because It is a symbol of bad soul of Buta Kala. This ceremony symbolize the abolition of bad lust of human.
I’ve done an interview with Arak Agung Sagung Dwivandari Oka, the student of Faculty of Laws who is coming from Denpasar, Bali. She said that in Hinduism, the follower is asked to be honest to the god, Ida Sang Hyang Widi Wase and mainly to their selves. Because the main doctrine of Hinduism is that the followers could realize their own obligation, whether it is to god or human and nature. In praying for example, the followers suggested to pray (go to Pura) three times a day. They are when the sun rises, the sun in the middle of day, and the sun sets. No body will watch over them. It depends on the follower consciousness to do that pray as it suggested or not.
One of Hindu tradition that shows the relation of the followers and God is they will go to the beach one day before Nyepi to wash their selves by the sea water. The sea water is the media from Ida Sang Hyang Widi Wase to clean their body and their soul from the sin.
Another tradition of Hinduism is Masangih. It is the ceremony of shaping the teeth for teenager who will enter its adult. Commonly, people do this in the age of 15. One day before the ceremony, that person doesn’t allowed to go anywhere. Teeth that be shaped is the fang because It is a symbol of bad soul of Buta Kala. This ceremony symbolize the abolition of bad lust of human.
Approaching New People
Talking about the way of approaching new people and also about polite and impolite question, actually we are talking about a standard. As we already knew, different country and different culture have the different standard. That’s why we have to understand other’s culture standard in order to avoid misunderstanding about we as Indonesian people with the foreigner.
I met a friend from Medicine Faculty according to this matter. Her name is Ng Hui Ying. She is a Malaysian Chinese who studies in semester three at UGM. She told me that in her culture, it is so important to keep the privacy of people there. We can’t do or say something to them as we want without asking their permission. It is really contrast with our culture where someone used to ask everything about people even the one who they just meet.
In Indonesia, it is common to invite the new people to come to our house for dinner or just little discussion. But in her culture, it is a bit strange to do that. Because they just invite someone to their home if there is an important thing to talk. She told me that if you bring your boy friend to your home, it means you want to marry him. But it is different case if you bring your friends for only having fun at your home.
If we ask people there about their family or their job, it is polite. Also when we ask them about religion, it is still polite. Because there are so many believes, so they will tolerate about the difference of believe. But it is not polite ask them about age. They will be very annoyed, especially the ladies.
I met a friend from Medicine Faculty according to this matter. Her name is Ng Hui Ying. She is a Malaysian Chinese who studies in semester three at UGM. She told me that in her culture, it is so important to keep the privacy of people there. We can’t do or say something to them as we want without asking their permission. It is really contrast with our culture where someone used to ask everything about people even the one who they just meet.
In Indonesia, it is common to invite the new people to come to our house for dinner or just little discussion. But in her culture, it is a bit strange to do that. Because they just invite someone to their home if there is an important thing to talk. She told me that if you bring your boy friend to your home, it means you want to marry him. But it is different case if you bring your friends for only having fun at your home.
If we ask people there about their family or their job, it is polite. Also when we ask them about religion, it is still polite. Because there are so many believes, so they will tolerate about the difference of believe. But it is not polite ask them about age. They will be very annoyed, especially the ladies.
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